Alphahydroxy acids (AHAs), trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and phenol are the three acids commonly used for this procedure. Though the end result is the same, they act in different ways. AHA is mild and gentle while phenol is the strongest. The doctor decides the line of treatment after diagnosing the problem and studying the medical history of the patient.
The face of the patient is scrubbed clean and the chosen chemical is applied. It may cause a stinging feeling, or irritation or mild pain. But this will soon pass. The patient may be asked to stop using some medicines that he has been using if they are suspected to be capable of interfering in the treatment. He may be asked to stop smoking. The treatment may take half an hour to two hours depending upon the chemical used and the amount of area to be treated. No anesthesia or sedation is needed nor is hospitalization needed.
Once the procedure is over, the doctor may apply sterile gauze on the face to protect it. Some cream may also be applied. If there is any swelling or pain, the doctor will prescribe some medicine. If treated with phenol, there may be more swelling but it will go away soon. The skin will then crust and peel off. The new skin will emerge. It may be red in color and fade to pink in a few days. After some time the skin may regain its original color minus the problems. The patient can then resume wok with a younger and fresher face than before.
Some chemical peel need to be used only once, others may need several procedures. Sometimes, an acid treated cream used once or twice daily is enough to cure some problems of the face.
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